Learn Weather Forecast in Chinese 学习中文天气预报

English:

So-called Weather Forecasting is the application of science and technology to predict the conditions of the atmosphere for a given location and time. People have attempted to predict the weather informally for millennia and formally since the 19th century. Weather forecasts are made by collecting quantitative data about the current state of the atmosphere, land, and ocean and using meteorology to project how the atmosphere will change at a given place.

Once calculated manually based mainly upon changes in barometric pressure, current weather conditions, and sky condition or cloud cover, weather forecasting now relies on computer-based models that take many atmospheric factors into account. Certain human input is still required to pick the best possible forecast model to base the forecast upon, which involves pattern recognition skills, teleconnections, knowledge of model performance, and knowledge of model biases. The inaccuracy of forecasting is due to the chaotic nature of the atmosphere, the massive computational power required to solve the equations that describe the atmosphere, the land, and the ocean, the error involved in measuring the initial conditions, and an incomplete understanding of atmospheric and related processes. Hence, forecasts become less accurate as the difference between current time and the time for which the forecast is being made (the range of the forecast) increases. The use of ensembles and model consensus help narrow the error and provide confidence level in the weather forecast.

There is a vast variety of end uses to weather forecasts. Weather warnings are important forecasts because they are used to protect life and property. Forecasts based on temperature and precipitation are important to agriculture, and therefore to traders within commodity markets. Temperature forecasts are used by utility companies to estimate demand over coming days. On an everyday basis, many use weather forecasts to determine what to wear on a given day. Since various outdoor activities are severely curtailed by heavy rain, snow and wind chill, forecasts can be used to plan activities around these events, and to plan ahead and survive them.

Weather forecasting is a part of the economy, for example, in 2009, the US spent approximately $5.1 billion on weather forecasting, producing benefits estimated at six times as much.

Chinese:

所谓的天气预报是应用科学技术来预测给定地点和时间的大气状况。几千年来，人们一直在尝试非正式地预测天气，而自 19 世纪以来，人们一直在尝试正式地预测天气。天气预报是通过收集有关大气、陆地和海洋当前状态的定量数据，并使用气象学来预测给定地点的大气将如何变化。

曾经主要根据气压变化、当前天气状况和天空状况或云量进行手动计算的天气预报现在依赖于考虑了许多大气因素的基于计算机的模型。仍然需要某些人工输入来选择最佳的预测模型作为预测的基础，这涉及模式识别技能、远程连接、模型性能知识和模型偏差知识。预测的不准确性是由于大气的混沌性质、求解描述大气、陆地和海洋的方程式所需的大量计算能力、测量初始条件所涉及的误差以及对大气的不完全理解及相关流程。因此，随着当前时间与进行预测的时间（预测范围）之间的差异增加，预测变得不太准确。使用集合和模型共识有助于缩小误差并提供天气预报的置信度。

天气预报有各种各样的最终用途。天气警报是重要的预报，因为它们用于保护生命和财产。基于温度和降水量的预测对农业很重要，因此对商品市场的贸易商也很重要。公用事业公司使用温度预测来估计未来几天的需求。在日常生活中，许多人使用天气预报来确定在特定日期穿什么。由于各种户外活动因大雨、大雪和寒风而严重减少，因此可以使用预报来规划围绕这些事件的活动，并提前计划并在这些事件中幸存下来。

天气预报是经济的一部分，例如，2009 年，美国在天气预报上花费了大约 51 亿美元，产生的收益估计是这个数字的六倍。